Are you confused about the Canadian election process? Or are you confused because you didn't know Canada had elections? Either way, prepare to be enlightened.
If you like parties, then Canada is the place to be! There's quite the variety. Besides those boring Conservative and Liberal parties that no one would even want to crash, there's more exciting choices like the
Marijuana Party, or the now extinct
Rhinoceros Party, so named because politicians are "thick-skinned, slow-moving, dim-witted, can move fast as hell when in danger, and have large, hairy horns growing out of the middle of their faces." Some even get together to have a
Bloc party (presumably named such because they all live so close together).
Monday was the 39th election in Canadian history, but how did it come to be? Voting every 4 years or so would make too much sense and could be unnecessary (why waste time and money when you don't have to?), so instead Canadians vote whenever they feel like it. It could be months, years, or decades between elections. Basically, whenever a big enough group decides they don't like who is in charge, everyone votes all over again! Or, the group that is in charge could just decide they want adventure and the possibility of losing an election by calling one.
Once an election is called, it's off to the races to see who can get the most money, I mean votes, as any party will earn $1.75 for every vote they get. Despite this payoff, there is surprisingly no strong effort to "get out the vote" or other voting % raising campaigns.
There is real beauty in this spontaneity. There's no time to run huge elaborate campaigns and blow tons of money, because there are only a few weeks between the calling of the election and the actual election. There's time for a few debates,
attack ads (click "military presence" at right), and
parodies here and there, but before you know it, it's time to vote. In fact, the density of yard signs and TV ads is much lower relative to the US.
The election itself is shrouded in secrecy. Exit polls are illegal. To further promote real democracy and eliminate copycats, ever since the first election, it has been illegal to report the results of other parts of the country until the polls have closed in your time zone. (Well, 2 elections ago this ban was lifted, but it was put back.) This even makes it illegal for a pot-head to call his or her newfie aunt to find out what is going on. Just compare that to the American primary elections which last for weeks, a perfect demonstration of copycat voting!
As the real figure-head of the country, the prime minister is an important position, despite no mention of the position in the constitution (except for one minor clause requiring meetings with the provincial premiers (governors)). Nevertheless, the citizens never actually vote for the prime minister. Instead, they vote for people (members of parliament) who will then vote for the prime minister. Outrageous! Oh wait.
Since the prime minister must be a member of parliament, things really get interesting when the party leader loses in his or her election to parliament. In this case, things are fudged around to get the leader in somehow. This doesn't happen very often, but has happened in the past. It also provides a good chuckle for everyone not in that party.
So, the winner is the party with the most members of parliament. They pick their leader to be the prime minister and life goes on. If there is no majority, then expect little to get done and get ready for a new election in 1 year 7 months and 5 days (on average).
There you have it! Now you see why only 64% of Canadians voted.